Orality > a reliance on spoken, rather than written, language for communication

• Primary orality - describes those who have no written language and no little or nothing about reading and writing. This is increasingly rare in our world.
• Secondary orality - also called post-literacy. Refers to people who may have the ability to read and write, but prefer not to. These people primarily rely on electronically delivered media (audio and visual technologies) for learning and entertainment..
• Traditional orality - describes those who are familiar with reading and writing, and may have learned to read and write in school, but use oral communication for daily living.

• 5.7 million people (80% of the world's population) are oral learners either because they are illiterate or their reading comprehension is inadequate. See Grant Lovejoy's report on The Extent of Orality.: 2012 Update
• The majority of the unreached peoples of the world are oral learners
• The National Assesment of Adult Literacy (NAAL) survey, done by the US government in 1992 and again in 2003, lists the USA as 14% Illiterate, 29% functionally illiterate, 44% preferred oral learner and 13% highly literate.

• 75% of the Bible is narrative
• Jesus primarily taught by telling stories
• Stories are memorable and can easily be learned and repeated by those who do not have written notes. Thus this strategy is foundational to multiplication among oral learners.
• Stories address the heart and lead to life change.

• Simply the Story > Dr. Larry Dinkins who facilitated the story-telling training at the 2012 Directors' Council, believes that Simply the Story is the most effective training available.

• Making Disciples of Oral Learners

• “Simply the Story” - Simply the Story
• "StoryFire"- StoryFire is a 25 x 5 minute audio downloadable resource that was developed by an MAF staff person who had Simply The Story (STS) Orality training, and adapted the approach to MAF uses. Read Ted Szymczak's review here.
• Orality Strategies > IMB. Includes training materials
• Story Runners > “Story Bible”—30 stories. Many strategies. 4 phases to plant a reproducing church.
• Living Water workshops in Texas. Mention of oral disciple-making.
• Scripture Engagement > Lots of links to books, videos, and other resources.
• Bible-Storying.com > Good explanation of history and meaning. Website of J.O.Terry, apparently.
• Christian Storytelling Network > Free story of the month.
• South America Regional Resource Site, downloadable resources Many manuals and instructions downloaded… Many stories prepared for different cultures not downloaded.
• World Christian Missionary Resources Many links.
• OneStory Trainings (YWAM) No dates and places listed.
• Story For All Links to many of the above, and more.
• Bible Storying Resources compiled by Pastor Derick Parfan

• 5-step Process for telling the story from “Simply the Story” - Simply the Story - 5-step process
• Simply the Story; Inductive Bible Study “Oral Style” - detailed Handbook by Dorothy A Miller, The God's Story Project - Simply the Story handbook
• Simple guidelines for preparation and presentation of stories - Bookmark 1
• Learning and Absorbing a Bible Story
• Simple guidelines for how to use questions to discover spiritual observations/applications - Spiritual Observation Application
• How to Prepare to Tell a Story - Larry Dinkins
• Benefits of Story Telling
• Blank storyboard form - Storyboard
• 110 Tellable Bible Stories